Lebanon is a very small city located in the state of Illinois. With a population of 4,571 people and two associated neighborhoods, Lebanon is the 358th largest community in Illinois. Lebanon has seen a significant amount of newer housing growth in recent years. Quite often, new home construction is the result of new residents moving in who are middle class or wealthier, attracted by jobs, a healthy local economy, or other amenities as they leave nearby or far away areas for greener pastures. This seems to be the case in Lebanon, where the median household income is $84,766.00.

There are many members of the armed forces living in Lebanon. You will notice when you visit or live here that some of the people you meet or see around town are employed by the armed services - even if they are not always in uniform.

One interesting thing about the economy is that relatively large numbers of people worked from their home: 24.21% of the workforce. While this number may seem small overall, as a fraction of the total workforce this is high compared to the rest of the county. These workers are often telecommuters who work in knowledge-based, white-collar professions. For example, Silicon Valley has large numbers of people who telecommute. Other at-home workers may be self-employed people who operate small businesses out of their homes.

Lebanon is a small town where college students really create the town feel and character. So many small towns have lost population over the last 20-30 years that having the local college presence in the Lebanon area, with all of the energy of the students filling area dorms and apartments each fall, really helps Lebanon maintain a good economy.

The citizens of Lebanon are among the most well-educated in the nation: 40.01% of adults in Lebanon have a bachelor's degree or even advanced degree, whereas the average US city has 21.84% holding at least a bachelor's degree.

The per capita income in Lebanon in 2022 was $39,189, which is upper middle income relative to Illinois and the nation. This equates to an annual income of $156,756 for a family of four. However, Lebanon contains both very wealthy and poor people as well.

Lebanon is a very ethnically-diverse city. The people who call Lebanon home describe themselves as belonging to a variety of racial and ethnic groups. The greatest number of Lebanon residents report their race to be White, followed by Black or African-American. Important ancestries of people in Lebanon include German, English, Irish, Italian, and Scots-Irish.

The most common language spoken in Lebanon is English. Other important languages spoken here include German/Yiddish and Spanish.