Lebanon is a very small city located in the state of Illinois. With a population of 4,614 people and two associated neighborhoods, Lebanon is the 358th largest community in Illinois. Lebanon has seen a significant amount of newer housing growth in recent years. Quite often, new home construction is the result of new residents moving in who are middle class or wealthier, attracted by jobs, a healthy local economy, or other amenities as they leave nearby or far away areas for greener pastures. This seems to be the case in Lebanon, where the median household income is $86,548.00.

Lebanon is home to a number of people employed in the armed forces. When you visit or walk around Lebanon, some of the people you will bump into will be military people In and out of uniform, jogging, shopping and generally out and about town.

Telecommuters are a relatively large percentage of the workforce: 18.45% of people work from home. While this number may seem small overall, as a fraction of the total workforce it is high relative to the nation. These workers are often telecommuters who work in knowledge-based, white-collar professions. For example, Silicon Valley has large numbers of people who telecommute. Other at-home workers may be self-employed people who operate small businesses out of their homes.

Lebanon is a place where college students are a big part of the character and culture of the town. Small towns have often struggled with declining populations over the past few decades, but the presence of such a large college student population has helped Lebanon to fight this trend. Not only does the college population add spending and jobs to local economy, but it also contributes a very tangible, youthful energy to the town.

The education level of Lebanon citizens is very high relative to the national average among all cities (21.84%): 38.60% of adults in Lebanon have a bachelor's degree or even advanced degree.

The per capita income in Lebanon in 2022 was $34,375, which is middle income relative to Illinois and the nation. This equates to an annual income of $137,500 for a family of four. However, Lebanon contains both very wealthy and poor people as well.

Lebanon is a somewhat ethnically-diverse city. The people who call Lebanon home describe themselves as belonging to a variety of racial and ethnic groups. The greatest number of Lebanon residents report their race to be White, followed by Black or African-American. Important ancestries of people in Lebanon include German, English, Irish, Italian, and French.

The most common language spoken in Lebanon is English. Other important languages spoken here include German/Yiddish and Spanish.